春日游
- 杏花吹满头 -
(资料图片)
立春｜Start of Spring
立春，为二十四节气之首。立，是“开始”之意；春，代表着温暖、生长。
二十四节气最初是依据“斗转星移”制定，当北斗七星的斗柄指向寅位时为立春。
现行是依据太阳黄经度数定节气，当太阳到达黄经315°时为立春，于每年公历2月3-5日交节。
Start of Spring lifts the curtain of spring. After that everything turns green and full of vigor; people clearly see that the daytime is becoming longer and the weather is becoming warmer.
立春习俗
杏花吹满头
迎春｜Welcoming Spring
立春之日迎春至今已有三千多年的历史。《礼祀·月令》中记载，立春时周天子亲率诸侯、卿大夫等去东郊迎春、祭祀，祈求风调雨顺农业丰收。汉代仍承此俗并延续至后世。这种活动影响到庶民，使之成为后来世世代代的全民迎春活动。
People in China began holding a special ceremony on the first day of Start of Spring about 3,000 years ago. They made sacrifices to Gou Mang, the god of Spring, who is in charge of agriculture. By the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), greeting spring had become an important folk activity. In Beijing, government officials welcomed spring in the wild field near Dongzhimen (the east gate of Beijing).
打春｜Whipping the Spring Ox
打春又叫“鞭春牛”、“鞭土牛”，就是把立春前一天从城东郊接回来的“春牛”于立春当天用彩鞭抽打，意为鞭策老牛下地耕田之意。立春时分，官员三次鞭打“春牛”后由农民将之打碎，这样春牛在制作时塞满肚子的五谷就洒落在地，人们争相哄抢，把捡到的谷粒放进自家粮仓，寓意仓满粮足。清人《燕京岁时记》：“……立春先一日，顺天府官员至东直门外一里春场迎春，立春日礼部呈进春山宝座，顺天府呈进春牛图，礼毕回署，引春牛而击之，曰打春……”。因此立春又叫“打春”。宋·晁冲之《立春》诗:“自惭白发嘲吾老，不上谯门看打春。”
This custom in Shaanxi is practiced right before the Start of Spring. The local government hires some skilled artisans and gathers them to build the frame of an ox out of bamboo strips and the legs with wood. Then they paste some paper and paint onto it—and, voila! The image of an ox is complete. It is said that if more red and yellow paper is used, then there will be a good harvest that year; if black paper is pasted, then the year will be poor. When the paper ox is ready, there is a ritual to paint the eyes. After that, people will set up an altar for it and worship it.
咬春｜Biting the Spring
立春当日，吃春盘、春饼、春卷和生菜等谓之“咬春”。
春盘就是把生菜、瓜果、饼糖放在盘子中（或拼成盘）用来自食或馈送亲友，取迎春之意。杜甫《立春》：“春日春盘细生菜，忽忆两京梅发时。”食生菜意为迎新。
春卷也叫春蚕。《岁时广记》：“京师富贵人家造面蚕，名曰‘探官蚕’。又因立春日做此，故又称‘探春蚕’。”
另外也有吃萝卜的。明《酌中志》：“立春之时，无贵贱嚼罗卜，曰‘咬春’”。立春萝卜又称“子孙萝卜”。立春吃萝卜可能是因为价格低廉，穷富都吃得起的缘故；或者是萝卜具有通气、解春困等功效。
In many parts of China, people observe the custom of \"biting the spring\" on the first day of Start of Spring. They eat spring pancakes, spring rolls, or a few mouthfuls of carrots.
躲春｜Hiding from the Spring
躲春在传统的民俗学上,到了立春这一天就该躲春。因为立春这天气 候开始交接,新的气场会对部分人群产生不利的影响,更严重的话会 影响一整年的运气,所以躲春的习俗就出现了。传统留下来的习俗，每到立春这一天不能有口舌之争、必须要和和睦睦、心平气和地迎接这一天。更有一些地方习俗里面，躲春这一天不宜搬迁、看望病重患者及参加丧事等，以免招惹晦气，影响一整年的运气。
放风筝｜Flying a Kite
立春前后左右清气升高，轻风飘扬，更是风筝的最好是时节。从古至今大家就期待根据风筝来辟邪，现如今大伙儿也是借风筝表述对新年新春的期盼。纸鸢最开始来源于在中华。相传，第一只风筝是巧匠鲁班七号遭受鹞鹰回旋的启迪，“削竹为鹊，成而飞之”。最开始的纸鸢称之为“鸢”。汉朝时，在中华创造发明了造纸术的发明。大家刚开始拿纸糊纸鸢，此后又出現了“凤兮”一词。据明人陈沂《询刍录》说，五代时‘‘李邺于宫里作凤兮，导线乘风为戏。后于鸢首，以竹为笛，使风人辞色如筝”。此后才刚开始叫“纸鸢”。风筝是一种非常好的全身运动。踏春季节，一线手中，视纸鸢乘风飞翔，随风飘荡左右，起伏不定，实是一大快事。在风筝的全过程中，因为要不断地奔波、牵线搭桥、操纵，全身上下的全身肌肉骨节必须参加活动。急缓两色，有张有弛，有益于释放压力钮骨，主题活动全身肌肉。
Spring is the best season for kite-flying. A traditional folk activity, it has a history of more than 2,000 years. It can help build one"s health and prevent diseases. It also has the effect of promoting blood circulation and speeding up metabolism. A breath of fresh air outside can discharge the foul smell accumulated in winter.
戴春鸡｜Wearing fabric swallows
戴春鸡或燕子它寓意着新春吉祥，这是一个非常古老的风俗，到了立春这一天，家人会用布提前制作小公鸡，缝在孩子的帽子顶端，表示祝愿，寓意“春吉（鸡）”，预示新春吉祥。在陕西一带，农村中还流行着佩戴燕子，这个习俗从唐代开始，一直延续至今，燕子是报春的使者，它也是幸福吉利的象征。
Wearing fabric swallows is a custom in some regions in Shaanxi. Every Start of Spring, people like to wear a swallow made of colorful silk on their chests. The custom originated during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). The swallow is a harbinger of spring and a symbol of prosperity and happiness.
杏花吹满头
春日游
春日诗词
杏花吹满头
咏柳
贺知章
碧玉妆成一树高，
万条垂下绿丝绦。
不知细叶谁裁出，
二月春风似剪刀。
The Willow
The slender beauty’s dressed in emerald all about;
A thousand branches droop like fringes made of jade.
But do you know by whom these slim leaves are cut out?
The wind of early spring is sharp as scissor blade.
春晓
孟浩然
春眠不觉晓，
处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声，
花落知多少。
A Spring Morning
This spring morning in bed I"m lying,
Not to awake till birds are crying.
After one night of wind and showers,
How many are the fallen flowers!
春夜喜雨杜甫好雨知时节，当春乃发生。随风潜入夜，润物细无声。野径云俱黑，江船火独明。晓看红湿处，花重锦官城。Happy Rain on a Spring Night
Good rain knows its time right,It will fall when comes spring.
With wind it steals in night;Mute, it wets everything.
Over wild lanes dark cloud spreads;In boat a lantern looms.
Dawn sees saturated reds;The town"s heavy with blooms.
春雪
韩愈
新年都未有芳华，
二月初惊见草芽。
白雪却嫌春色晚，
故穿庭树作飞花。
Spring Snow
On vernal day no flowers were in bloom, alas!
In second moon I’m glad to see the budding grass.
But White snow dislikes the late coming vernal breeze,
In plays the parting flowers flying through the trees.
春日
朱熹
胜日寻芳泗水滨，
无边光景一时新。
等闲识得东风面，
万紫千红总是春。
A Spring Day
I seek for spring by riverside on a fine day.
O what refreshing sight does the boundless view bring!
I find the face of east wind in an easy way;
Myriads of reds and violets only reveal spring.
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